Interdependence

MINURSO - December 2018
The United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) opened negotiations between groups with contesting claims. These talks took place in Geneva, and were the first negotiations in six years. This comes after UN Resolution 2440, encouraging groups in the Western Sahara region to try to come to an agreement. The United Nations has undergone a peacekeeping mission in Western Sahara for several years. Despite the negotiations, the region remains contested today.

OPEC - December 2018
Qatar decided to leave the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, an alliance of global oil producers. This comes after 57 years of Qatari membership. This was seen by many as a largely symbolic move; Qatar produces mainly natural gas. Qatar has been engaged in a rivalry with Saudi Arabia, the de facto leader state of OPEC. By leaving, they sent an obvious jab at Saudi Arabia while not losing very much strategically.

NATO - June 2019
NATO member Turkey agrees to buy S-400 air defense missile systems from Russia, angering many NATO member states. Turkish Prime Minister Erdogan defends his decision as "not a preference but a necessity," citing regional threats against Turkey. The United States responded especially negatively. The F-35 is a stealth fighter produced by American contractor Lockheed Martin. The United States sells F-35 fighters to allies around the globe. In July 2019, the United States removed Turkey from the F-35 program as retaliation, further straining US-Turkey relations.

NAFTA - August 27, 2018
The North American Free Trade Agreement is/was a free trade treaty between Canada, the United States, Mexico. It was put into place by Bill Clinton in the 1990s. Since then, it has received criticism from both sides of the political spectrum; critics say it allows American manufacturers to outsource jobs. Throughout his presidential campaign, Donald Trump bashed NAFTA. In 2018, he appeared to fulfill his campaign promise by renegotiating NAFTA. However, the new agreement, the United States Mexico Canada Agreement (USMCA) has also received criticism for being fundamentally similar. 

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